Sure it’s doable in precept: they might nonetheless serve historyless wallets, in trustless or trusted mode. The node would solely present UTXOs to the pockets, and SPV proofs for transactions that created the UTXOs.
Whitepaper Pruning
The Bitcoin whitepaper described the structure in “7. Reclaiming Disk Area”.
As soon as the most recent transaction in a coin is buried below sufficient blocks, the spent transactions earlier than it may be discarded to avoid wasting disk house. To facilitate this with out breaking the block’s hash, transactions are hashed in a Merkle Tree [7][2][5], with solely the basis included within the block’s hash. Outdated blocks can then be compacted by stubbing off branches of the tree. The inside hashes don’t must be saved.
Reclaiming disk house
A block header with no transactions can be about 80 bytes. If we suppose blocks are generated each 10 minutes, 80 bytes * 6 * 24 * 365 = 4.2MB per yr. With laptop methods usually promoting with 2GB of RAM as of 2008, and Moore’s Regulation predicting present development of 1.2GB per yr, storage shouldn’t be an issue even when the block headers have to be stored in reminiscence.
A node that might do that would preserve:
- Header chain
- UTXO state
- Supply transactions of every present UTXO
- Merkle tree nodes wanted to have the ability to assemble Merkle proofs for UTXOs
Such node might nonetheless trustlessly serve historyless SPV wallets, with the caveat that they’ll lie by omission (hiding UTXOs that exist), or lie about spent standing (server gives an present spent TXO and claims it’s unspent).
Bitcoin Core Pruning
The above was by no means applied in Satoshi-era Bitcoin node, or later Bitcoin Core nodes. As an alternative, pruning is finished by merely deleting entire previous blocks, and holding solely the header chain and UTXO state.
Such nodes can validate transactions domestically however don’t function backends for mild wallets: they lack each Merkle proofs and UTXO indexing by deal with. UTXO indexing might be added, however with out SPV proof technology, this is able to be a trusted structure: the server might fabricate non-existent UTXOs (which the shopper would solely uncover when trying to spend) or misrepresent their content material.
