Throughout Devconnect Buenos Aires, the Ethereum Basis and Secureum TrustX introduced collectively Ethereum safety practitioners for Trillion Greenback Safety Day, a targeted occasion exploring what it might take to securely assist a trillion-dollar Ethereum economic system.
The occasion introduced collectively round eighty members from throughout the Ethereum Safety Ecosystem—spanning Infrastructure, Interoperability, Layer 1 & 2, Onchain, Offchain, Privateness, and Wallets—to evaluate the present safety panorama, floor shared challenges, and determine concrete subsequent steps throughout the stack.
The discussions and outputs from this occasion contribute to the Ethereum Basis’s ongoing One Trillion Greenback Safety (1TS) initiative.
Why a Trillion Greenback Safety Day?
The Trillion Greenback Safety day was designed to create targeted, in-person discussions inside particular person layers, bringing collectively practitioners who work on comparable elements of the stack to evaluate present safety posture, share operational realities, and determine near-term priorities. The outcomes of those periods have been then synthesized to focus on patterns and dependencies throughout the broader ecosystem.
The objectives of the Trillion Greenback Safety gathering have been to:
- Consider Ethereum’s safety posture throughout the complete stack, figuring out gaps, challenges, and rising dangers
- Allow short-term execution by aligning ecosystem actors round actionable priorities
- Strengthen long-term safety by way of coordination, shared requirements, and ecosystem empowerment
Members break up into breakout periods by layer, discussing what’s working immediately, what just isn’t, and the place effort is most urgently wanted.
Snapshot: Cross-Layer Observations
Throughout the seven layers, members surfaced a number of recurring themes:
- Safety is commonly handled as a milestone moderately than a steady course of
- Belief assumptions are insufficiently communicated to customers
- Vital safety tooling and public items lack sustainable funding
- Coordination and incentives—not cryptography—stay dominant threat components
The desk under captures a condensed view of key points and speedy subsequent steps recognized through the periods.
| Layer | Key Points | Recognized Speedy Subsequent Steps |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 1 & 2 | Quantum threat, weak L1/L2 coordination, cloud dependence, compressed testing | Broaden EPF onboarding, create L2 liaisons, enhance EIP versioning & possession |
| Wallets | Blind signing, paywalled safety, low coordination | Type an Open Signing Alliance, impartial/on-chain EIP-7730 registry, pockets dashboards |
| Onchain | “Audited ≠ safe”, weak IR, OpSec failures | Fund OSS safety tooling, create DeFi safety visibility, promote SEAL |
| Interop | Unsafe belief assumptions, UX favors velocity over security | Interop belief rankings, clearer disclosures, enhance canonical bridge UX |
| Infrastructure | Frontend hacks, RPC centralization, DNS SPOFs | Verifiable frontends, infra transparency dashboards, light-client wallets |
| Offchain | Misaligned incentives, Web2 attack-surface blind spots | Safety frameworks, certifications, public-goods staffing fashions |
Key Themes by Layer
Full shows for every layer will be discovered right here.
Layer 1 & 2: Coordination Stays a Bottleneck
Ethereum’s multiclient structure, specification-driven growth, and conservative Layer 1 change course of proceed to supply sturdy safety foundations. Nevertheless, members highlighted dangers stemming from restricted coordination between L1 and L2s, compressed testing timelines, over-reliance on cloud infrastructure, and issues round supply-chain assaults.
Key challenges embody restricted neighborhood and L2 participation in All Core Devs calls, constrained shopper crew capability to overview evolving EIPs early, and ongoing L1–L2 bridging and RPC resilience issues.
Proposed subsequent steps give attention to increasing the Ethereum Protocol Fellowship (EPF), creating clearer L2 liaison roles, enhancing EIP versioning and possession expectations, and strengthening moderation and accessibility in coordination boards.
Wallets: Person Safety Stays Too Opaque
Progress on signing requirements akin to EIP-7730 and enhancements to pockets discoverability have been famous as positives. On the identical time, most {hardware} wallets nonetheless depend on blind signing, and pockets participation in shared safety discussions stays restricted.
Members pointed to the aggressive pockets panorama as a structural barrier to collaboration, alongside an over-reliance on the Ethereum Basis to drive coordination.
A key proposal was the creation of an Open Signing Alliance, anchored in Ethereum’s values of openness, neutrality, and the walkaway check. Extra priorities embody internet hosting the EIP-7730 registry in a impartial—or on-chain—context and funding wallet-focused safety dashboards to enhance transparency and legitimacy.
Onchain Safety: Tooling and Visibility Lag Behind Threat
Onchain safety continues to learn from a rising pool of skilled safety researchers, improved tooling (e.g. Foundry), and elevated consciousness of incident response by way of efforts akin to SEAL911. Nevertheless, safety remains to be usually handled as a checkbox, and “audited” is steadily conflated with “safe.”
Members emphasised that the majority latest losses stem from operational safety failures, not novel smart-contract exploits. Different challenges embody growing protocol complexity, restricted invariant monitoring, and a scarcity of financial audits.
Speedy subsequent steps embody sustained funding for open-source safety tooling (fuzzers, static and dynamic analyzers), improved visibility into DeFi safety posture (a “L2BEAT-like” strategy), and broader adoption of SEAL frameworks and checklists for various contract courses.
Interoperability: Belief Assumptions Should Be Express
Ethereum customers profit from a variety of interoperability choices and more and more quick, low-cost UX. On the identical time, members highlighted that many interop protocols depend on poorly communicated belief assumptions, main customers to mistake “quick and low cost” for secure.
Many non-canonical bridges fail the walkaway check, and threat usually persists after bridging as a result of wrapped property and downstream dependencies.
Proposed actions embody creating interop belief rankings that clearly specify assumptions and verification fashions, setting sturdy expectations for express belief disclosures by cross-chain aggregators, and enhancing the velocity and price of canonical bridges to scale back reliance on unsafe options. A follow-up interoperability workshop was additionally proposed.
Privateness: UX and Infrastructure Are the Main Constraints
There was broad settlement that privateness is more and more seen as a standard and mandatory a part of Ethereum’s future, with encouraging progress in zero-knowledge analysis and institutional adoption. Nevertheless, consumer expertise, price, and infrastructure limitations stay main blockers.
Key challenges embody RPC-based monitoring, difficulties round personal knowledge storage and restoration, a scarcity of builders targeted on personal pockets UX, and the absence of {hardware} assist for privacy-preserving keys.
Advised subsequent steps embody better use of light-client knowledge over P2P RPC, funding in personal pockets UX, analysis into ZK-capable {hardware} signers, and engagement with regulators to hunt clearer steerage for permissionless privateness applied sciences.
Infrastructure & Offchain Safety: The Invisible Assault Floor
Frontend compromises, DNS hijacks, RPC centralization, and software program supply-chain assaults have been repeatedly cited as underappreciated dangers. Members additionally famous a scarcity of sustainable financial alignment for non-profits offering important safety public items.
Key challenges embody the false separation between “Web2” and “Web3” safety, restricted accountability for off-chain failures, and the tendency to commerce safety for velocity or comfort. The lack to simply run nodes over Tor was additionally highlighted.
Proposed subsequent steps embody constructing verifiable frontend prototypes, growing transparency round RPC and infrastructure well being, advancing safety frameworks and certifications, and creating structured collaboration fashions the place personal corporations contribute devoted time and sources to safety public items.
Occasion Reflections
Members rated the standard of debate and relevance of matters as glorious, highlighting the worth of in-person, cross-layer change. The first areas for enchancment have been logistical, together with group dimension and alternatives for structured networking.
There was sturdy demand for future work targeted on utilized safety requirements, shared tooling, and sensible “how-to” steerage for implementation.
What Comes Subsequent
The Trillion Greenback Safety gathering highlighted the worth of bringing safety practitioners collectively in particular person to construct shared understanding and momentum. Targeted, face-to-face discussions helped speed up alignment on requirements, tooling, and sensible options in methods which are troublesome to attain by way of asynchronous coordination alone.
The discussions additionally underscored the significance of sustaining a repeatedly up to date, shared view of Ethereum’s safety posture. Because the ecosystem evolves, staying forward of rising dangers requires commonly reassessing what’s working, the place assumptions not maintain, and which areas want renewed consideration to assist a trillion-dollar economic system.
The insights from Buenos Aires will proceed to tell the Ethereum Basis’s One Trillion Greenback Safety efforts, alongside ongoing work throughout the ecosystem. Close to-term focus stays on supporting execution, enabling adoption of open and impartial safety requirements, and strengthening the foundations wanted to maintain Ethereum safe at scale.
With due to the safety layer champions @vdWijden, @barnabas, @zachobront, @ethzed, @mattaereal, @ncsgy and @ThewizardofPOS. And @0xRajeev and @fredrik0x for internet hosting.
